Table 2 Synthesis of results
From: Air pollution and female fertility: a systematic review of literature
Type of Pollutant | Population | Effect |
|---|---|---|
NO2 | IVF | Lower live birth rates |
General population | Higher miscarriage rate | |
CO | General population | Higher stillbirth in second and third trimester |
O3 | IVF | Lower live birth rates |
PM2.5 | IVF | Lower pregnancy rates |
General population | Reduced fecundability ratio | |
PM10 | IVF | Higher miscarriage rate |
General population | Higher miscarriage rate | |
PM2.5–10 | General population | Reduced fertility rate |
SO2 | IVF | No effect |
General population | Higher early miscarriage and third trimester still births. Reduced conception rate | |
Traffic pollutants | General population | Higher miscarriage rate; Higher infertility rates. |
Coal combustion products | General population | Higher trend of miscarriage |