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Table 3 Obstetric outcomes according to weight gain

From: The effects of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on perinatal outcomes in Korean women: a retrospective cohort study

Weight gain during pregnancy (kg)

Under recommendation*

Recommendation

Over recommendation

p-value

Underweight (BMI < 18.5)

Maternal complications

30 (17.3)

18 (8.9)

2 (4.8)

0.0136

 

Neonatal complications

75 (43.4)

54 (26.7)

8 (19.1)

0.0004

 

Cesarean section

48 (27.8)

62 (30.7)

16 (38.1)

0.4150

Normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 23)

Maternal complications

111 (21.5)

82 (11.6)

33 (9.9)

< 0.0001

 

Neonatal complications

171 (33.1)

186 (26.4)

87 (26.1)

0.0180

 

Cesarean section

171 (33.1)

224 (31.7)

137 (41.0)

0.0107

Overweight (23 ≤ BMI < 25)

Maternal complications

9 (31.0)

15 (19.2)

28 (21.7)

0.4006

 

Neonatal complications

13 (44.8)

27 (34.6)

41 (31.8)

0.3927

 

Cesarean section

12 (41.4)

35 (44.9)

61 (47.3)

0.8310

Obese (25 ≤ BMI)

Maternal complications

10 (38.5)

19 (38.0)

39 (30.5)

0.5298

 

Neonatal complications

11 (42.3)

23 (46.0)

42 (32.8)

0.2231

 

Cesarean section

15 (57.7)

25 (50.0)

75 (58.6)

0.5767

  1. Based on chi-square or Fisher's exact test (count, %)
  2. BMI, body mass index; C/S, cesarean section
  3. *Recommended gestational weight gain; underweight: 12.5-18 kg, normal: 11.5-16 kg, overweight: 7-11.5 kg, obese: 5-9.1 kg